Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) Spectroscopy
Laser Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy (LIF) takes advantage of a laser source to excite a material to a higher energy state. The subsequent relaxation of the material to a lower energy state produces photon emission through the process of fluorescence. In many cases the resultant emission spectrum can show characteristic spectral features, allowing discrimination of materials. It is particularly useful for characterising organic materials and semi-conductors. We offer LIF spectral imaging in a range of working distances from centimetres to tens of meters. We use a range of excitation laser sources from UV to Near Infrared. The detection spectral range is 400-1000 nm.
Laser induced Fluorescence spectroscopy (LIF) can be used to complement other spectroscopy techniques such as Raman and reflectance spectroscopy to identify and characterise materials. Remote UV LIF spectroscopy at standoff distances of upto tens of metres can be used to conveniently analyse any spot on a monument/object from the ground level without having to move the instrument. Given the non-invasive nature of the technique, it can also be used for mapping an area remotely (fluorescence mapping).

In-house remote LIF spectrometer in action
applications of LIF Spectroscopy
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Material identification (eg organics and semi-conductors)
isaac instrumentation
System
Remote
UV/ LIF
Remote
Raman / LIF
Developer
ISAAC Lab
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ISAAC Lab
Excitation Wavelength
355 nm
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785 nm
Working
Distance
3- 30 m​
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3 - 20 m
Spectral
Resolution
2.8 nm
4 cm -1
Spot Size
~ 1 mm
1 mm
Service
MOLAB/
FIXLAB​
MOLAB/
FIXLAB​
LIF spectroscopy for material identification

(a) Reflectance spectral comparison between cadmium red (blue curve) and vermilion (red curve) references in oil. These pigments have similar spectral features, with their inflection points being at close wavelengths, making their distinction difficult. (b) LIF spectral comparison shows a clear difference between cadmium red and vermilion, complimenting their identification.
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example heritage science projects
selected publications
​This is a selection of our LIF publications. Our full publication list can be found here.
Liang, H., Kogou, S., Li, Y., Cheung, C.S., Hogg, A., Liggins, F., & Bomin, S. 2025. A new systematic approach to survey of architectural heritage: applications of ground-based long range remote standoff imaging and multi-modal spectroscopic investigation of wall paintings. Book Chapter in: Baillet, Vincent, Mounier, Aurélie, Chapoulie, Rémy, eds., Polychromie. Regards croisés sur l'usage, l'emploi et la matérialité de la polychromie dans les sociétés anciennes, Pessac, Ausonius éditions, collection @rcheovision 1, 2025, 107-126.
